同位语从句经典句子汇编90句

同位语从句讲解及练习题

一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质

在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。

例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。

析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。

二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句

1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）

例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。

析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。

2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）

例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。

析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。

3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。

例1：I have no idea when he will be back.

析：he will be back意义不完整，应加"什么时候"的含义才能表达idea的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。

例2：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike. 析：he went home意义不完整，应加"如何"的含义才能表达impression的全部内容，因此应用how引导同位语从句。

4.当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。

如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.

三、把握同位语从句和定语从句的区别

明确同位语从句和相似从句的界限 同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后面，但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分；定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。

区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反之，则为定语从句。

如：The report that he was going to resign was false.

因为the report was that he was going to resign 句意通顺，所以，that he was going to resign 是同位语从句。

例1：

1）Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. while    B. that    C. when    D. as

析：答案为B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的内容，且Information不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于：

2）It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward.

A. what    B. that    C. when    D. as

析：答案为B。that has been put forward为information的修饰性定语，且information在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。

例2：She heard a terrible noise,____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)

A. it B. which    C. this    D. that

析：答案为B。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a terrible noise，且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别于：

I can't stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.

A. it B. which    C. this    D. that

析：答案为D。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的.内容，且the terrible noise不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。

巩固性练习：

1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.

A. that    B. what    C. why    D. which

2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.

A. hat    B. what    C. which    D. why

3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.

A. what    B. that    C. why     D. when

4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.

A. which    B. that    C./       D. it

5. I have no idea ____ he will start.

A. when    B. that    C. what D./

6. I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.

A. if    B. that   C. whether D. which

7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.

A. when    B. which C. what    D. that

8. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.

A. which    B. whether    C. that    D. what

9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.

A. that        B. as       C. of which    D. which

10. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.

A. whether B. where    C. that        D. when

Keys: 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA

同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别

同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面:

1. 从词类上区别

同位语从句前面的名词只能是

idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词?而定语从句的先行词可以是名词?代词?主句的一部分或是整个主句?如:

The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. (同位语从句)

We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. (同位语从句)

Word came that he had been abroad. (同位语从句)

Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.

我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴?(定语从句)

The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.

你找的那位医生在房间里面?(定语从句)

His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习?(定语从句,代词all作先行词?)

2. 从性质上区别

定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。如:

The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的?(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?)

The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的?(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?)

I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有?(同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)

The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺?(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语?)

3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别

有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句?如:

That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑?(同位语从句)

I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事?(同位语从句)

引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替?如:

The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了?(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略?)

The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组?(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略?)

初中定语从句讲解课件

【文章导读】熟能生巧，取得好成绩！ 下面是小编为您整理的 初中定语从句讲解 课件，供你参考和借鉴。

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）

Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）

注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用介词+which/whom结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的'城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：

a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：

Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

高中定语从句讲解课件

高中定语从句讲解课件，一起来看看吧。

语法复习--定语从句

一.英语句子从结构上看有三种类型：

1.简单句（Simple Sentence)

2.并列句（Compound Sentence)

3.复合句 （Complex Sentence)

(1)简单句的五大基本句型：

主语+连系动词+表语

主语 ＋及物动词＋宾语

主语＋不及物动词＋状语

主语＋及物动词＋间宾＋直宾

主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补

（2）并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又 相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由等立连词连在一起。 其结构是： 简单句+等立连词+简单句

eg:He has studied English for only one year,but he can read and write now.

Keep on and you will make progress.

（3）复合句：由一个主句或几个从句构成的`句子。从句只用作句子的一个成份，不能独立。根据从句在句中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。

附：定语从句专练

请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。

1. This is the factory where we visited last week.

2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.

3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.

4. The house in that we live is very small.

5. The sun gives off light and warmth，that makes it possible for plants to grow.

6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.

7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.

8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.

9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.

10. His dog，that was now very old，became ill and died.

11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.

12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.

13. The boy，his mother died last year，studies very hard.

14. I have two sisters，both of them are doctors.

15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.

16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.

17. That is the way which they work.

18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.

19. Who is the man who has white hairs？

20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.[1][2]

初中定语从句课件

定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做 定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。下面是小编为你带来的初中定语从句课件 ，欢迎阅读。

一、教学目标

通过本章复习, 使学生明白定语从句的构成和用法。

二、教学重点和难点

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别；关系代词与关系副词引导定语从句的不同；介词+关系代词引导定语从句；关系代词who, that, which的用法区别。定语从句与同位语从句及其一些句子结构的区别。

三、教学方法

Teacher

1．什么是定语从句?

2．被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。连接先行词与定语从句的引导词叫关系词，其中 which, that, who, whom, whose 这些词叫关系代词，它们在句中用来指人或事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，whom 只能作宾语。作宾语时，关系代词可省略。而 when, where, why 这些词是关系副词，他们在句子中用来作状语。（请同学们根据以上所述, 给出一些例句, 用来说明。）

3．以上关系代词在使用时也是有很多区别的。（请同学们看下面的句子, 然后说出使用关系代词 that 的原因。）

A．All that is worth doing should be done well.

B．The only thing that she could do was to ask the police for help.

C．We will never forget the first lesson that our English teacher gave us.

D．What is the smallest thing that can be seen under a microscope?

E．The visitors spoke highly of the children and the performances that they saw.

F．Who is the person that let out the secret?

4．下面讲一下只能用关系代词 which 引导的'定语从句。

A．在非限制性定语从句中, 指物时只能用 which 不能用 that。

B．在定语从句中, 介词+关系代词引导定语从句指物时, 只能用 which 不能用 that。

（请同学们给出上面两种情况的例句。）

5．对于“介词+关系代词”引导宾语从句, 如何选介词这个问题, 可归纳为下面几点：

A．根据宾语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配。如：Do you know the man with whom you just shook hands?

（句中的 with 来自习惯搭配 shake hands with）

B．由先行词来决定。如： I'll never forget the day on which I joined the Party.

C．由句子表达的全部意义来确定。如：Water is very important for us without which we can't live.

6．有下面两种情况：

A．先行词 all, any 和 a few 指人时, 如：

Any who breaks the law will be punished.

B．先行词是 this, that, those 或 these 且指人时。

Those who hadn't bought the ticket for the train crowded in the waiting hall.

7．请看下面句子, 然后分析一下：

A．The engineer whose son is in America is very kind.

B．Look at the house whose roof is red.

8．请看下面句子, 然后分析一下：

A．I'll go to any place where people need me.

B．I still remember the day when I joined the army.

C．I don't know the reason why he was late.

9．那么, 表示地点、时间的名词后面都被关系副词引导的定语从句所修饰吗？

10．我们知道 as 也可作为关系代词, 引导定语从句, 包括非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句, 井且多与 such, the same as 并用。 （请同学们翻译下列的句子。）

A．我们知道, 指南针最早是中国人发明的。

B．这支钢笔和我昨天丢的那支很相似。

C．他们今年生产的钢和去年一样多。

D．我们应该和这样的热心、勤奋的人交朋友。

Students

1．在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。连接先行词与定语从句的引导词叫关系词，其中 which, that, who, whom 这些词叫关系代词，它们在句中用来指人或事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，whom 只能作宾语。作宾语时，关系代词可省略。

2．A．Here is the pen that you lost yesterday. （that 用来指物, 在从句中作宾语, 可以省略掉, that 也可用 which 代替。）

B．The girl who told me the news is not here now. （who 用来指人, 在从句中作主语, that 可以代替 who 用来指人。）

C．The woman who / whom / that you saw in the park is our English teacher. （whom 只能用来指人, 只能作宾语, 在从句中可以省略。）

3．刚才所说的6个句子的宾语从句, 关系代词只能用 that 而不能用其他关系代词, 下面逐个分类分析：

A．先行词是 all, much, little, none, the one 或由 no-, any-, every- 构成的复合代词时。

B．先行词被 all, every, some, little, much, the only, the very 等修饰时。

C．先行词是序数词或被序数词限定时。

D．先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

E．先行词同时包含人和事物时。

F．当主句是 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时, 为避免重复, 习惯上多用 that。

4．

A．She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.

非限制性定语从句与主句用逗号隔开, 非限制性定语从句引导词不用that。

B．The games in which the young men competed were difficult.

介词in也可以放在定语从句谓语动词之后, 关系代词which或that可省略。

5．定语从句中, “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。关系词前选什么样的介词对我们来说有时束手无策, 希望老师能够归纳出几点巧妙的判断规律。

6．When shall we use the relative pronoun“who”and“whom”?

7．这两句中的定语从句都是由 whose 引导的, 在从句中 whose 只能作定语。

A 句中 whose 修饰人。

B 句中 whose 修饰物, 这个句子相当于：Look at the house the roof of which is red. 或：Look at the house with a red roof.

8．这三个句子中, 所含的定语从句都是由关系副词引导的。

A．where 引导的定语从句修饰一个表地点的名词, where 本身作从句中谓语的地点状语, 这时, where 可由介词 to + which 来替代。

B．when 引导定语从句修饰一个表示时间的名词, when 在从句中作时间状语, when 可用介词 on＋which 来替代。

C．why 引导定语从句修饰一个表示原因的名词, why 在从句中作原因状语。why 可用介词 for + which 来替代。

从以上三个句子来看, 关系副词引导定语从句, 一般情况下, 都可用“介词+关系代词”来替换关系副词。

9．不一定。如果表地点或表时间的名词在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 就不能用关系副词引导宾语从句, 而应由相应的关系代词引导。如：

A．Mike is studying in a school that/which was built in 1928．

B．Those days that / which we spent with Mary were wonderful.

10．

A．As is known to all, the compass was first made in China.

B．This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.

C．They have produced as much iron this year as they did last year.

D．We ought to make friends with such people as kind and hard working.